Kuipitsa m'makampani opanga nsalu
● Sun Ruizhe, pulezidenti wa China National Textile and Apparel Council, adanenapo pa Climate Innovation and Fashion Summit mchaka cha 2019 kuti makampani opanga nsalu ndi zovala akhala achiwiri pamakampani owononga zinthu padziko lonse lapansi, achiwiri pambuyo pa mafakitale amafuta;
● Malinga ndi zimene bungwe la China Circular Economy Association linapeza, pafupifupi matani 26 miliyoni a zovala zakale amaponyedwa m’zinyalala m’zinyalala m’dziko langa chaka chilichonse, ndipo chiwerengerochi chidzakwera kufika matani 50 miliyoni pambuyo pa 2030;
● Malinga ndi zimene bungwe la China National Textile and Apparel Council linayerekezera, dziko langa limataya nsalu zotayidwa chaka chilichonse, zomwe ndi matani 24 miliyoni a mafuta osapsa. Pakali pano, zovala zambiri zakale zimatayidwabe ndi dothi kapena kutenthedwa, zonse zomwe zingawononge kwambiri chilengedwe.
Njira zothetsera mavuto oyipitsa - ulusi wopangidwa ndi bio
Ulusi wopangidwa mu nsalu nthawi zambiri umapangidwa ndi zida za petrochemical, monga ulusi wa polyester (polyester), ulusi wa polyamide (nayiloni kapena nayiloni), ulusi wa polyacrylonitrile (ulusi wa acrylic), ndi zina.
● Ndi kuchepa kwa mafuta ochulukirapo komanso kudzutsidwa kwa anthu kuzindikira zachitetezo cha chilengedwe. Maboma ayambanso kuchita njira zosiyanasiyana zochepetsera kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mafuta ndi kupezanso zinthu zina zowongoleredwa ndi chilengedwe.
● Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mafuta komanso mavuto a zachilengedwe, makampani opanga zinthu monga ku United States, European Union, ndi Japan asiya kupanga ulusi wamankhwala wamba, ndipo ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wopangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri komanso zosakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chuma kapena chilengedwe.
Zida za polyester (PET/PEF) zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ulusi wa bio-based ndibiobased zikopa.
Mu lipoti laposachedwa la "Textile Herald" pa "Review and Prospect of World Textile Technology", zidanenedwa:
● PET ya 100% ya bio-based PET yatsogola kwambiri polowa m'makampani ogulitsa zakudya, monga zakumwa za Coca-Cola, chakudya cha Heinz, ndi kulongedza zinthu zoyeretsera, ndipo adalowanso muzitsulo zamtundu wa masewera odziwika bwino monga Nike;
● 100% zopangidwa ndi bio-based PET kapena bio-based PEF T-shirts zawoneka pamsika.
Pamene kuzindikira kwa anthu za chitetezo cha chilengedwe kukuchulukirachulukira, zinthu zochokera ku biozidzakhala ndi ubwino wobadwa nawo pazachipatala, chakudya ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo wa munthu.
● Dziko langa la "Textile Industry Development Plan (2016-2020)" ndi "Textile Industry "Firith Five-year Plan" Ndondomeko ya Kupita patsogolo kwa Sayansi ndi Zamakono inanena momveka bwino kuti njira yotsatira ya ntchito ndi: kupanga zipangizo zatsopano za bio-based fiber kuti zilowe m'malo mwa mafuta a petroleum, kulimbikitsa Industrialization of marine bio-based fibers.
Kodi fiber-based fiber ndi chiyani?
● Ulusi wopangidwa kuchokera ku zamoyo zokha kapena zotulutsa zake. Mwachitsanzo, polylactic acid fiber (PLA fiber) imapangidwa ndi zinthu zaulimi zomwe zimakhala ndi wowuma monga chimanga, tirigu, ndi shuga, ndipo ulusi wa alginate umapangidwa ndi ndere zofiirira.
● Ulusi woterewu umakhala wobiriwira komanso wokonda zachilengedwe, komanso umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso umakhala ndi mtengo wowonjezera. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu zamakina, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kuvala, kusatentha, khungu, antibacterial, ndi zowonongeka zowonongeka kwa ulusi wa PLA sizotsika poyerekeza ndi ulusi wachikhalidwe. Ulusi wa Alginate ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri zopangira zovala zachipatala za hygroscopic, motero zimakhala ndi phindu lapadera pazachipatala ndi zaumoyo. monga, tili ndi foni yatsopanobiobased leather/vegan chikopa.
Chifukwa chiyani muyesere zinthu zomwe zili ndi biobased?
Pamene ogula amakonda kukonda zachilengedwe, zotetezeka, zobiriwira zobiriwira. Kufunika kwa ulusi wopangidwa ndi bio pamsika wa nsalu kukuchulukirachulukira tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ndikofunikira kupanga zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwazinthu zopangidwa ndi bio kuti zipeze mwayi woyamba pamsika. Zogulitsa zamoyo zimafunikira zomwe zili muzamoyo zomwe zili muzinthuzo kaya zili mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kuwongolera bwino kapena magawo ogulitsa. Kuyesa kwa biobased kungathandize opanga, ogulitsa kapena ogulitsa:
● Product R&D: Kuyesa kwa Bio-based kumachitika pakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, komwe kumatha kumveketsa bwino zomwe zili muzamankhwala kuti zithandizire kukonza;
● Kuwongolera Ubwino: Pakupanga zinthu zopangidwa ndi bio, kuyezetsa kochokera pazachilengedwe kumatha kuchitidwa pazida zomwe zaperekedwa kuti ziwongolere mosamalitsa mtundu wazinthu zopangira;
● Kutsatsa ndi Kutsatsa: Zomwe zili mu Bio-based zidzakhala chida chabwino kwambiri chotsatsa malonda, chomwe chingathandize kuti malonda ayambe kudalira ogula ndi kutenga mwayi wamsika.
Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji zomwe zili mumsika? - Mayeso a Carbon 14
Kuyesa kwa Carbon-14 kumatha kusiyanitsa bwino zinthu zochokera ku bio ndi petrochemical muzogulitsa. Chifukwa zamoyo zamakono zili ndi carbon 14 mumtengo wofanana ndi carbon 14 mumlengalenga, pamene zida za petrochemical zilibe carbon 14.
Ngati zotsatira za mayeso ozikidwa pazamoyo pazachilengedwe zili ndi 100% ya carbon yochokera ku bio, zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawo ndi 100% a bio-sourced; ngati zotsatira zoyesa za chinthu ndi 0%, zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala onse ndi petrochemical; ngati zotsatira zoyesazo ndi 50%, zikutanthauza kuti 50% yazinthuzo ndizochokera kuchilengedwe ndipo 50% ya carbon ndi yochokera ku petrochemical.
Miyezo yoyesera ya nsalu ikuphatikiza American standard ASTM D6866, European standard EN 16640, etc.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-22-2022
